Soil Types, Formation Processes, and Characteristics in the Global South

This chapter conducts an exhaustive exploration of the diverse soil types spanning the landscapes of the Global South. With keen attention to their distinctive characteristics, formation processes, regional distributions, and practical applications, it emerges as an indispensable compendium for soil scientists, agriculturalists, environmentalists, and policymakers alike. The investigation begins with the description of soil types and their parent material elucidating how geological processes shape initial compositions. Subsequently, it delves into the intricate pedogenic processes, unraveling the dynamic interplay between climate, organisms, topography, and time that gives rise to unique soil horizons. Distinguishing characteristics of key soil types are intricately detailed. A panoramic examination of the geographic distribution across the Global South follows (environmental and regional distribution), considering the influence of climatic zones, vegetation patterns, and topography on soil diversity. This holistic understanding culminates in an exploration of the practical applications of this knowledge. It unveils how insights into soil types inform sustainable agricultural practices, guide land use planning, and contribute to environmental conservation initiatives in the Global South. In different environments, the chapter establishes a direct correlation between soil characteristics and successful land management strategies. In essence, this comprehensive chapter unfolds the intricate tapestry of soil dynamics in the Global South, providing a robust foundation for informed decision-making and sustainable practices. The essence of soil governance in recognizing that a detailed understanding of soil types is crucial for shaping effective policies that promote sustainable land use, address environmental challenges, and acknowledge socioeconomic factors in the Global South has been mentioned.